This paper presents an energy analysis during dynamic tearing tests of thin steel sheet. A Charpy test device and an original experimental method are employed. The dynamic fracture toughness at initiation R_0,dyn and the dynamic tearing modulus T_dyn are obtained. For comparison, static trousers tearing tests are conducted, on the same material, in order to study the influence loading rate (V) on the essential work of fracture 'Gamma'_e (calculated from Mai and Cotterell (1984)). We have shown that by varying the loading rate from 1mm/min to 300 mm/min, the essential work of fracture 'Gamma'_e decreases slowly with the logarithm of the loading rate V. A significant drop in the dynamic fracture toughness compared to static one is observed, while making a comparison between R_0,dyn and 'Gamma'_e (1mm/min) due to the increase in the yield stress with loading rate.

     A mathematical model is presented of web peeling and transfer in a short open draw of the type present in many modern paper machines. Analysis of the model is shown to lead to results from which the work of adhesion may be computed; these results are compared with experimental data obtained from a Web Adhesion and Drying Simulator.

     A free convection boundary layer flow along a heated vertical cylinder embedded in a porous medium saturated with pure or saline water at low temperatures, up to 20^oC, is considered. The boundary layer analysis is formulated in terms of Darcy's law and a new density equation of state, which is of very high accuracy and of simple form, is postulated. Numerical solutions are presented and the flow field characteristics are analysed in detail for both cases of downward and upward flows. A very good agreement between the present results and those reported for particular situations was found.

     In the paper an algorithm of temperature calculation in plate bearings during their work is described. The results of temperature's level calculation in bearings for different conditions of their work using the proposed model and FEM model are given as well as the results of an experimental check on heat bearing work conditions. The differences between results of calculation and experiment are insignificant.

     The Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) plasma Couette flow in a rotating frame of reference subject to the Hall current is studied. This problem is confined to a startup process, which deals with an impulsive start of the moving plate as well as an accelerated start of the moving plate. The solution is obtained by employing the Laplace inversion method. An asymptotic behavior of the solution is analysed for small as well as large time T to gain the physical insight into the flow pattern. As a consequence of the physical situation of interest the fully ionized neutral plasma interacts with the frictional layer when it starts in motion. The dimensionless velocity profiles are depicted graphically and the shear stresses are presented in tables.

     In this paper, a modeling procedure is presented to deal with the steady-state analysis of rotor systems with rubber cushion-type flexible couplings. The rubber cushion-type flexible coupling was modeled by an equivalent spring and the effect of misalignment was investigated. Moreover, we introduce the flexible coupling model in combination with the FEM model of rotating shafts to develop a complete formulation of a coupling-rotor system. Finally, to illustrate the effects of the coupling misalignments on the dynamic behavior of the system, numerical examples of this coupling-rotor system are presented.

     The problem concerns a nonlinear laminar boundary layer, chemical reaction, heat and mass transfer flow of an incompressible and viscous fluid past a continuously moving infinite vertical porous plate in the presence of suction under the influence of heat source and thermal diffusion. The similarity transformation has been utilized to convert the governing nonlinear partial differential equations into nonlinear ordinary differential equations and then the numerical solution to the problem is given using the Gill method. The analysis of this results obtained shows that the flow field is influenced appreciably by the presence of suction at the surface, chemical reaction and magnetic effects.

     The work is devoted to an arbitrary open cross-section of a thin-walled beam. The shape of the cross-section is described with parametric curves, whereas the thickness is given as one parameter function.

     The subject of this paper is an isotropic porous beam with a rectangular cross section. Mechanical properties of the isotropic porous material vary across the depth of the beam. A nonlinear hypothesis of deformation of a plane cross section of this beam is described. The system of differential equations and boundary conditions of the problem is derived on the basis of the principle of minimum potential energy. A numerical analysis for simply supported beams under uniformly distributed load is made. A comparative analysis with the use of FEM and the COSMOS/M system is presented.

     This paper deals with the development of a new triangular finite element for bending analysis of isotropic rectangular plates by an explicit stiffness matrix. The first order shear deformation theory (FOSDT) is used to include the effect of transverse shear deformation. The element has eighteen nodes on the sides and six internal nodes. The geometry of the element is expressed by three linear shape functions of area coordinates. The formulation is displacement type and the use of area coordinates makes the shape functions for field variables to be expressed explicitly. No numerical integration is required to get the element stiffness matrix. The element has fifty-one degrees of freedom, which can be reduced to thirty-nine degrees of freedom by a standard static condensation of the degrees of freedom associated with the internal nodes. An interesting feature of the element is that it is not prone to shear locking. Numerical examples are presented to show the accuracy and convergence characteristics of the element.

     The mechanics of flowing granular materials such as coal, sand, agricultural products, fertilizers, dry chemicals, metal ores, etc., and their flow characteristics have received considerable attention in recent years. In a number of instances these materials are also heated prior to processing or cooled after processing. In this paper, the governing equations for the flow of granular materials, taking into account the heat transfer mechanism are derived using a continuum model proposed by Rajagopal and Massoudi (1990). For a fully developed flow down a heated inclined plane, the governing equations reduce to a system of non-linear ordinary differential equations for the case where the material properties are assumed to be constants. The boundary value problem is solved numerically and the results are presented for the volume fraction, velocity, and temperature profiles.

     The effects of a fluid elasticity on the characteristics of a boundary layer in a Blasius flow are investigated for a second-grade fluid, and also for a Maxwell fluid. Boundary layer approximations are used to simplify the equations of motion which are finally reduced to a single ODE using the concept of similarity solution. For the second-grade fluid, it is found that the number of boundary conditions should be augmented to match the order of the governing equation. A combination of finite difference and shooting methods are used to solve the governing equations. Results are presented for velocity profiles, boundary layer thickness, and skin friction coefficient in terms of the local Deborah number. An overshoot in velocity profiles is predicted for a second-grade fluid but not for a Maxwell fluid. The boundary layer is predicted to become thinner for the second-grade fluid but thicker for the Maxwell fluid, the higher the Deborah number. By an increase in the level of fluid elasticity, a drop in wall skin friction is predicted for the second-order fluid but not for the Maxwell fluid.

     One of the most important problems of model hemodynamics is the descriptions of the rheological properties of the flowing blood. In this work, two basic classes of a hemorheology models have been analysed. The first one considers human blood as a non-Newtonian and time-independent fluid. However, the dynamical formation of its time-dependent collective structure leads to a viscoelastic and tixotropic blood response. In consequence, this study presents a second class of hemorheology model, considering blood as a fluid thinning and thickening with time.

     An exact solution to the problem of flow past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate in the presence of variable temperature and mass diffusion is presented here, taking into account the homogeneous chemical reaction of first-order. The dimensionless governing equations are solved using the Laplace-transform technique and the solutions are valid only at a lower time level. The velocity, temperature and concentration profiles are shown in graphs. It is observed that due to the presence of a first order chemical reaction, the velocity as well as concentration decreases with of the increasing of the chemical reaction parameter.